Java Statements tutorial for Beginners

Here we will learn about statements in Java.

Types of Java Statement

• Expression Statement
• Control Statement
• Assignment Statement

 In this section, we will discuss control statements. 

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Control Statements

• Conditional execution
• Looping
• Flow Control Statement

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Types of Conditional Execution

• If Statement
• If – Else statement
• If- Else-if statement
• Switch statement

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if Statement

The “if” statement in Java encloses a portion of code that is executed only if the applied condition is true. if statement only accepts the boolean expression as a condition.

Unlike other languages Java does not accept numbers as conditional operators. It only considers boolean expressions as conditions that return TRUE or FALSE.

The syntax of If Statement

if (true)
   System.out.println("Hello! This will always get printed");

if (Boolean Expression) {
    Code block to get executed
}

Example code of If Statement

public class if_condition {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String string = "Hello";
        if ("Hello".equals(string)) {
            System.out.println("String has the Value Hello");
        }

        if ("Hi".equalsIgnoreCase(string)) {
            System.out.println("String has the value Hi");
        }
    }
}

If you run the above code, it will print “String has the Value Hello”.

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If Else Statement

The if Else statement consists of one if condition and one else statement. It encloses a portion of code that is executed only if the if a condition is true if it is false then the else part of the code will be executed. If else statements take only boolean expression as valid conditions.

Unlike other languages, java does not accept numbers as conditional operators. It only considers boolean expressions as conditions that return TRUE or FALSE.
E.g if (1==1) is accepted as it is a boolean expression and will return true. if(x=1) statement is not allowed in Java.

Syntax of If  Else Statement

if (1==2)
	System.out.println("Hello! This will not get printed");
else
	System.out.println("Hello! This will get printed");

if (Boolean Expression) {
    Code block to get executed
}
else{
code block to get executed when above condition is false
}

Example code of If Else Statement

public class if_condition {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String string = "Hello";
        if ("Hello".equals(string)) {
            System.out.println("String has the Value Hello");
        } else {
            System.out.println("String is not Hi");
        }

        if ("HI".equals(string)) {
            System.out.println("String has the Value Hi");
        } else {
            System.out.println("String is not Hi");
        }
    }
}

When you run the above code, it will print.

String has the Value Hello
String is not Hi

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If Else If Statement

The if-else if statement consists of multiple if conditions and an else statement. If the if condition is true then the enclosed code will be executed. If the if condition is false then it will check the next if condition. If the next if condition is true then the enclosed code will be executed otherwise the else part of the code will be executed. If Else If statements take only boolean expressions as a valid condition.

Unlike other languages java doesn’t accept numbers as conditional operators. It only considers boolean expressions as conditions that return TRUE or FALSE.
E.g If(x=1) is not allowed while if(1==1) is accepted as it is a boolean expression and will return true.

Syntax of If  Else If Statement

if (1==2)
	System.out.println("Hello! This will not get printed");
else if(1==1)
	System.out.println("Hello! This will get printed");
else
	System.out.println("This will get executed when Above conditio is FALSE");

if (Boolean Expression) {
    Code block to get executed
}
else{
code block to get executed when above condition is false
}

Example Code of If Else If Statement in java

public class if_condition {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String string = "Hello";

        if ("HI".equals(string)) {
            System.out.println("String has the Value Hi");
        } else if ("Hello".equals(string)) {
            System.out.println("String is not Hi");
        }

        string = "NotHello";
        if ("Hello".equals(string)) {
            System.out.println("String has the Value Hello");
        } else if ("Hi".equalsIgnoreCase(string)) {
            System.out.println("String is not Hi");
        } else {
            System.out.println("String is neither Hello nor Hi");
        }
    }
}

When you run the above code, it will print.

String is not Hi
String is neither Hello nor Hi

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Types of Looping Statement

• For Loop
• While Loop
• Do  – While Loop

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Types of Flow Control Statement

• Return Statement
• Continue Statement
• Break Statement